According to Maslow, which of the following needs must be fulfilled first?

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory that categorizes human needs into a five-tier model, often depicted as a pyramid with the most basic needs at the bottom. According to this model, physiological needs are the foundational requirements for human survival, including air, water, food, shelter, sleep, and other basic bodily requirements. These needs must be addressed before any higher-level needs can be adequately satisfied.

Since physiological needs are essential for maintaining physical health and well-being, individuals will prioritize fulfilling these needs above all else. Only after these fundamental needs are met can a person begin to focus on safety needs, belongingness, esteem needs, and ultimately, self-actualization. This foundational understanding of human motivation reinforces why physiological needs are considered the first tier in Maslow's hierarchy.